How to Bring an Action for Inverse Condemnation

Inverse condemnation is a complex legal proceeding with significant impacts on property owners. So, it is essential to understand the difference between eminent domain and inverse condemnation and how to file a valid claim with the court.

Property owners must evaluate the strength of their case and secure legal representation to navigate these proceedings successfully.

Eminent Domain vs Inverse Condemnation

Eminent domain is a provision under the Fifth Amendment that allows the government to seize private property for public use. The purpose is to acquire land for projects that serve and benefit the public, such as:

Roads and highways for public commute
Parks for community benefit
Necessary utilities, such as water, power, and gas lines
Public Schools

Eminent domain requires the government to provide the property owner with:

Adequate notice to the owner before seizing the property.
An appraisal of the property to determine its value.
Good faith intentions.
Evidence to support why the government needs to seize the property.
Just compensation for the value or destruction of the property.

However, it may be considered inverse condemnation when the government takes or damages the property without following proper legal procedures.

More specifically, the damages suffered must be a direct loss in property value or use because of the government action. When this occurs, property owners can accept the government’s compensation offer or take legal action to pursue additional compensation according to their unique circumstances. Consulting with an experienced attorney can help you better understand your options.

What Makes a Strong Inverse Condemnation Case?

The government is required by law to afford property owners their right to due process. Consequentially, property owners must prove that the government’s action resulted in a significant loss of their property’s use, enjoyment, value, or benefit.

Strong inverse condemnation lawsuits establish proof that the property owner suffered a loss of value or use because of government action, such as:

Road construction
Excessive noise
Flooding or projects to manage flood control.
Pollution
Accessibility issues derived from utility lines that run through the property.
Regulations that deprive the property owner of all or an enormous part of the property’s value. Examples include zoning, environmental, or historic preservation laws.

Additionally, strong claims establish substantial, permanent property loss or damage as a direct result of government action.

Evaluating the Validity & Strength of Your Claim

To evaluate the validity of your claim, determine whether you have these four critical elements of inverse condemnation lawsuits:

Proof of property ownership
Proof of the government’s eminent domain action
Proof of damage to the property’s value or use
Proof that the damage(s) suffered directly resulted from the government’s action.

Next, consider the type of inverse condemnation claim that applies to you. In other words, consider whether the government entity:

Physically occupied, invaded, or destroyed your property without proper compensation.
Placed excessive regulations on your property to the point that you were deprived of the value or use of your property.
Exacted the property, requiring you to give up a property right or interest to provide the building for public benefit instead.
Imposed temporary bans or restrictions on your property that prevented you from using or developing it as you wish.

Then, assess the loss you suffered because of the government’s action. Usually, fair compensation is set by the property’s fair market value. So, consult a property valuation expert to help you determine the amount you should receive.

For your inverse condemnation claim to succeed, you must establish that substantial, permanent property loss or damage occurred directly from government action.

Bring an Action for Inverse Condemnation

If you believe you are involved in a legitimate inverse condemnation dispute, you can file a claim to receive just compensation. Consider the following steps:

1. Determine applicable law: This depends on whether the government entity is at the local, state, or federal level. This will inform you of the specific procedures and statute of limitations you must follow.
2. File a Complaint with the appropriate court: This document should contain proper structure and content per state and local law. As such, securing an attorney who can help you navigate the process is crucial.
3. Await a response: The government entity must file its response within the set time frame.
4. Receive a response: If the government agrees it infringed upon your rights, you will be compensated for damages. You can either accept the amount given or proceed with your Complaint to pursue additional compensation.

Proceed to trial: If the court agrees that your property damages are more significant than the relief initially offered, the case will be taken to trial. Then, a jury will determine how much more you are entitled to receive.

It is essential to note that inverse condemnation proceedings are very complex and time-consuming. Although these steps may seem like a straightforward process, there are many intricate factors involved. As a result, these cases are difficult to pursue successfully without the help of an experienced attorney.

Final Thoughts

Inverse condemnation is a complex legal proceeding with significant impacts on property owners. To pursue a lawsuit, owners must prove that the government’s action caused substantial, permanent damage to their property without just compensation.

If you believe you are involved in an inverse condemnation dispute, you must seek legal aid to protect your rights and safeguard your investments.